Synthesis of Waiting for Superman (the movie) and the Article Time to Essay

Amalgamation of Waiting for Superman (the film) and the Article Time to Stop Waiting for Superman - Essay Example tion yet the job that the bigger society, which is spoken to by government and other state offices, through the forces vested in them by the general population needs to play appear to exceed every single other factor. This is on the grounds that the approaches these individuals define and administration that they give that decides a larger piece of the result of the instructive framework. in this paper in this way, the two works that have been referenced before are integrated to know how they address the issue of instruction in the cutting edge American setting. Perusing the article, the topic that is created is that it is so unsatisfactory to attempt to fix the instructive framework through unjust methods. This topic is introduced from the view purpose of the authoritative story of Michelle Rhee, who was the director of Washington, D.C’s state funded schools. The issues introduced in the article have to do with how Michelle Rhee took over as the administrator and inside a brief timeframe she was viewed as a superman who was going to fix the feeble D.C state funded school as well as that of the country on the loose. This is on the grounds that from approaches that she set up, the vast majority of which were centered around driving directors and educators to make the best decision by investing their most extreme exertion, scores from schools in the state began improving. In a matter of seconds, she was hailed and alluded to by numerous individuals in broad daylight talk. She even had the consideration of enormous government officials l ike Barack Obama and went on TV. As it turned out, every one of her endeavors were the result of enormous cheating. Incorporating the article data with the film, â€Å"Waiting for Superman†, there are a few regions that the content can be said to adjust and concede to a typical reason. A run of the mill case of this has to do with how the two functions treat the issue of guidelines of educating. In the article, the writer calls to address, the way to deal with educating, where understudies are arranged uniquely for to step through exams, making â€Å"them better at taking state tests† (Stanford, 2013). In the

Symbolism In The Great Gatsby Essay Example For Students

Imagery In The Great Gatsby Essay The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, contains numerous artistic gadgets. One of such gadgets is portrayal, the creators strategy for depicting characters. In this novel, the creator makes huge numbers of the characters to be shallow. Through their activities, remarks, and depictions, Fitzgerald gives the peruser a thought of the characters. One such character ends up being Daisy. In spite of the fact that she had experienced passionate feelings for Gatsby when she initially met him, when he was at war she immediately needed something to shape her life. In view of the riches and way of life included, she picked Tom Buchanan as her significant other. Afterward, we see that Daisy despite everything adores Gatsby, and undermines Tom along these lines. This demonstration shows that she is traitorous and shallow. Daisy accepts that she can go on with life anyway she needs and not need to stress over those she influences. She was the driver of the vehicle and slaughtered Myrtle, yet she let Gatsby kick the bucket due to his affection for her. Daisy manhandled Gatsbys feelings, and afterward left the zone with Tom to escape from the obliteration they caused. These are manners by which Daisy end up being a shallow character. Another character who shows such characteristics is Daisys spouse, Tom. Tom is significantly more untrustworthy than Daisy, an idea that starts coming to fruition with the disclosure of Toms young lady in the city. Tom ends up being a man of little ethics. In spite of the fact that he stands up to Daisy about ethics in her relationship with Gatsby, Tom has his own lady as an afterthought. Additionally, he leaves this reality alone referred to by others as if it doesn't trouble him, an uncovering of his tendency. Afterward, after Myrtle is executed in the mishap, Tom shows pity, however not regret. Tom at that point educates George to kill Gatsby, a demonstration that comes more from a heart looking for retribution for Daisy than for Myrtle. In the wake of both of these occasions, Tom gets together his family and leaves to keep away from the chaos he made. These activities make the shallow idea of Tom self-evident. All through The Great Gatsby the peruser reveals a wide range of kinds of characters, numerous comparative. One of the most well-known attributes is that of being and acting shallow. This conduct was made predominant by both Daisy and

The Importance of Friendship Free Essays

It’s difficult to know the entirety of the diverse social contrasts in non-verbal communication that you can run into. Also, attempting to maintain every one of them is significantly harder. On the off chance that I did, I’d be going around not taking a gander at anybody with my hands in my pockets. We will compose a custom paper test on The Importance of Friendship or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Obviously, at that point I would be culpable both Turkish individuals (turns in my pockets) and the entirety of my companions in the States. This is article is an accumulation of my exploration. I am sorry on the off chance that I preclude anything or commit an error †there’s such a great amount of data with respect to this subject, and it’s hard to catch everything. Drop me a line or remark on the off chance that you see a mistake or need to include something. 1. Eye to eye connection: In the United States and Canada, INTERMITTENT eye to eye connection is critical in passing on intrigue and consideration. In many Middle Eastern societies, INTENSE eye to eye connection between similar sexes is regularly an image of trust and earnestness be that as it may, between inverse sexes, particularly in Muslim societies, anything over BRIEF eye to eye connection is viewed as improper. Moreover, in Asian, African, and Latin American societies, broadened eye to eye connection is viewed as a â€Å"challenge.† The Japanese will in general consider even concise eye to eye connection awkward. Also, in certain societies, a lady should look down when conversing with a man (because of say thanks to Denise Gerdes, a previous Peace Corps volunteer from Minnesota for that data). 2. Handshakes: In my handshake article Networking 101: You Better Get A Grip and Read This, I discussed the handshake in Western societies. Between societies, in any case, there are contrasts that could distract you! For instance, in parts of Northern Europe a brisk firm â€Å"one-pump† handshake is the standard. In parts of Southern Europe, Central and South America, a handshake is longer and hotter †which means the left hand generally contacts the caught hands, the elbow, or even the lapel of the shakee. Be careful that in Turkey, a confident handshake is viewed as discourteous and forceful. In certain African nations, a limp handshake is the norm. Men in Islamic nations never shake the hands of ladies outside the family. 3. Welcome: In America, we have the standard welcome: â€Å"Hello, my name is.. † with a handshake. At a systems administration occasion, odds are people from an alternate culture will most likely absorb into everybody else’s style, be that as it may, there are different welcome out there of which you ought to know. In Japan, individuals bow. In Italy, individuals kiss cheeks. There is an intriguing rundown over at Bruce Van Patter’s site. 4. Individual Space: I get went ballistic when somebody gets excessively near me †and I promptly attempt to end the discussion. Be that as it may, in certain societies it isn't unexpected to be â€Å"in the bubble.† In China, on the off chance that somebody is working together, it is broadly acknowledged to have NO close to home space by any stretch of the imagination. Outsiders normally contact when remaining close to one another. Then again, a few societies require significantly more space than in America. Remember, that individual space will vary for everybody dependent on their childhood. The counsel that I would give, is that in the event that you are uncertain, start with your usual range of familiarity, and let the other individual move to where they are agreeable. 5. Touching:This is a major no-no. It might look alright, yet you could be tricked. For instance, did you realize that in certain organizations of Judaism, the main lady that a man will contact in the course of his life is the lady he is hitched to? In Japan, Scandinavia, and England, contacting is less incessant. In Latino societies, contacting is supported. This might not have a spot in this article, yet at the same time intriguing: NEVER contact a person’s head. This can be strictly hostile. Truly, when you are out systems administration, just DON’T contact †but to shake hands. In the event that you are agreeable, let the other individual guide what is fitting to them. 6. Casual discussion: It’s intense to make casual discussion. Furthermore, to make it considerably harder, now and then it is diverse in societies outside of America. There was very little research on this, be that as it may, a portion of my dependable perusers had the option to get me out. Susanne Ebling of Washington, D. C proposes that in different societies, since you are asked â€Å"How right? ,† it doesn’t imply that the other individual is requesting a full wellbeing report. Remember this isn't generally a social thing. On the off chance that somebody you don’t know asks you how you will be, you ought to say nothing in any case, â€Å"excellent,† or â€Å"fine,† or some subsidiary. Likewise, James Yoakum from New York advised me that in America, regularly it is suitable to approach what an individual accomplishes professionally in a discussion. Truth be told, that’s how the vast majority make casual conversation †and, in specific circumstances, it’s totally off-base, which I will talk about in another article. Notwithstanding, what you can be sure of is that for some societies it is wrong to ask this out and out. I state, figure out how to organize without making this piece of your â€Å"small-talk† schedule. 7. Individual Dress and Hygiene: I don’t know about any culture where it is worthy to not brush your teeth. I could not be right. Be that as it may, everything else can change! A few societies don’t shave †their mens’ faces (or womens’ legs or underarms). A few societies never wear antiperspirant and others don’t wash as oftentimes. You should be mindful so as to ensure you don't affront anybody. Also, truly, once in a while smells that are very odd to you may be truly satisfactory in another culture. 8. Gestures:They mean various things all over the place. Truly, remain quiet about your motions. On the off chance that you need to flip off the business card warrior, it probably won't have any impact whatsoever on the off chance that he/she is from an alternate culture. Indeed, in certain societies, it’s utilized as a pointer. The approval has every unique significance as well. At the danger of pulverizing my notoriety, I am not in any event, going to expound on them. Additionally be cautious with the American â€Å"A-Ok† sign and putting your hands on your hips. Ends: The two most significant plans to detract from this article is that you realize these distinctions exist and that you treat others how you would need to be dealt with. By and by, the best strategy is to let the other individual lead the communication in the event that you are uncertain. That way, you can never not be right! The most effective method to refer to The Importance of Friendship, Papers

Sexual Assault on College Campuses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rape on College Campuses - Essay Example This case frames some portion of the discussion that lies behind such situations where people fundamentally female understudies are explicitly attacked however they never live to get equity either in light of the fact that the school organization or the disciplinary board disappoints their endeavors as well as the cops who should follow on the equivalent become a wellspring of criticism to the effectively baffled people. This article will, along these lines, take a gander at the issue of rape in universities and the job of the organization in dealing with the social bad habit. In tending to the issue, the grounds assume the principal liability in checking the bad habit. Backers for common freedom hold that the grounds need to set up severe estimates that will prevent people from participating in the demonstration. Looking for equity is a two-way traffic issue where as much as the school might need to set up the realities and make the offenders convey their obligation, it is likewise conceivable that a few understudies may attempt to ensnare others for offenses they never dedicated. It has just been set up that there are understudies who wound up being ousted for offenses they never dedicated. A portion of the measures put by the grounds to address the issue are not for all intents and purposes, for example, supporting for a positive assent between accomplices at any phase of sex. Most grounds are likewise not prepared to deal with such cases. In a circumstance where a woman has been assaulted, the prompt activity will include a visit to a clinical expert f or vaginal swabs to be taken that will likely guide in a measurable examination. On the off chance that the underlying faculty that the case is accounted for to flops in arbitrating for such an activity, all things considered, the proof will be spoilt and following the case will be purposeless. The understudies should be educated on the way toward announcing such an event. Most understudies are uninformed of their privileges as well as oblivious of the measures that they should take in the event that they fell casualty in such a case.â â

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Examination - Essay Example Throw Lanes choice to fire Stephen Glass can be considered as moral and right. Path has set out the realities and confirmations that Stephen Glass has been exploitative and anecdotal recorded as a hard copy his reports speaking to The New Republic. Glass stories, for example, the hacking report of Jukt Micronics and the tipsy tricks of the Young Republicans were demonstrated to be founded on only Glass anecdotal stories. Setting off to the second quadrant of the crate, Lane considered a few qualities when concluding whether to fire Stephen Glass or not. Expertly, as columnist, they are guided by the SPJ standards which fundamentally states to look for reality and report it. It is thusly commanded that writer ought to be straightforward, reasonable, and fearless in get-together, detailing and deciphering data (SPJ Code of Ethics, 1996). SPJ guideline guaranteed that writers are limited by the code to come clean and become reasonable for the perusers. For this situation, Glass sat idle yet design stories made out of falsehoods. The third quadrant of Potter Box worried the standards will help the leader which for this situation is Chuck Lane to completely comprehend the circumstance. Following Kants straight out basic which expresses that Act just on that saying whereby you can simultaneously will that it should turn into a widespread law. Kants thoughts incorporate being moral is being objective and what is correct must be done whatever the circumstance is. Path is being objective as he has the confirmations to the deeds of Stephen Glass. In this manner whether Glass has been a decent representative and companion to the laborers of The New Republic, he have the right to be terminated with legitimate reasons. Last box in the Potter Box contains the loyalties. For this situation, Lane as the leader ought to be faithful to the perusers, people in general. Terminating Glass implies guaranteeing that the individuals perusing The New Republic get the data and reports they have the right to know, reality. Both Angela of

How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory

How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory Stress Management Effects on Health Print How Stress Works With and Against Your Memory By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 06, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 24, 2020 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living  PeopleImages/iStock A little stress can be a great motivator, as any student can tell you. A lot of stress, however, can often create more of an obstacle than a benefit. This is true when it comes to many things, including health-promoting behaviors, relationships, and even our memories. Stress can inhibit the way we form and retrieve memories and can affect how our memory works. Fortunately, there is good news here to balance out the bad. Here is what research tells us about the effects of stress on memory. Stress and Memory Stress can affect how memories are formed. When stressed, people have a more difficult time creating short-term memories and turning those short-term memories into long-term memories, meaning that it is more difficult to learn when stressed. Stress can affect the type of memories we form as well. If we are stressed during an event, we may have more difficulty accurately remembering the details of the event later, as the stress we felt colors our perceptions as well as our ability to recall what we perceived at the time. This is part of why eye-witness testimony is so unreliableâ€"people can be absolutely sure they saw something a certain way, but this doesnt mean that they are correct. Memories can also change after they are formed. In fact, every time we retrieve a memory, we color it with our present experience of it, like when we take something off a shelf and then put it back, leaving fingerprints from having handled it again. Research shows that if people are questioned and given misleading information about something they experienced, that information will color their memory and influence what they thought they experienced and that this information (because it is more recent than the event itself) is easier to recall. This is why false memories can be created with well-intentioned lines of questioning.?? A recent meta-analysis was conducted on 113 stress studies, meaning that researchers examined that  many independent studies on stress and memory to determine what the major findings were. There is ample evidence that stress affects memory, and these studies just lent more support for that research:?? One of the most interesting findings was that stress could impede the formation of memories if it occurred prior to or during encoding, the time during which the memory is formed. The good news is that there was a short delay between encoding and the formation of memory. Also, if the material being learned was directly related to the stressor, memory actually improved. Even better, post-encoding stress actually improved memory formation and retrieval as well, meaning stress that occurred after the memory was formed actually led to better memory-making.??Stress increased cortisol, but the amount of cortisol was not directly related to the effects of stress on memory. This means that if you create more cortisol during your stress response, this wont necessarily mean that your memory will be more impaired than someone who is less hormonally-responsive. Interestingly, women who were on oral contraceptives experienced less of a negative effect.??Stress can also lead to exhaustion, and thi s can lead to cognitive impairment that includes  issues with attention and working memory. Unfortunately, memory impairment can still be detected three years later, even after the exhaustion has been addressed.?? This underscores the importance of managing stress before it gets to this point.? Improve Your Memory Under Stress There are several things you can do to improve your memory when stressed. Fortunately, these techniques also help manage stress. One of the most important things you can do is to practice personal self-care: get enough sleep, eat a healthy diet, and manage stress. Poor sleep, high stress, and other physical problems can affect memory as well as contribute to the stress that impedes memory formation and retrieval. There are other important strategies you can use as well.  Here are some research-backed strategies you can use: Train yourself in breathing exercises and other techniques. One study of police cadets in training has found that psychological performance training can improve the recall of cadets who experienced stress compared to those who didnt learn and practice these techniques.?? The techniques that were used included breathing exercises, a popular stress management technique; mental performance imagery, which involves vividly imagining practice and success; and attentional focus. This means that, when stressed, you can focus on breathing and focusing your attention, as well as vividly imagining yourself reaching your goals; this has proven benefits.Get moving. A study that examined the effects of an aerobic exercise program on memory-impaired people found that a 12-week exercise program indeed improved their memory over those who didnt enroll in the program.?? The subjects involved in the study were experiencing mild cognitive impairment from the effects of stress-related exhaustion, so thes e results are especially relevant for those who are stressed.Practice mindfulness. Another study examined the fact that those who experience stress and memory issues often experience sleep problems as well. It was also observed that those who practiced mindfulness often experienced less stress and fewer memory issues. It was finally determined that mindfulness actually minimizes the sleep problems that can affect memory and create problems. This also demonstrates that practicing mindfulness can help with your memory not only by minimizing the stress that can be impairing it but by enabling better-quality sleep as well.??Learn some tricks. There are some simple tricks like clenching your fists or moving your eyes from side to side which can help with memory creation as well.

Privacy of the Soul and Communication in Mrs. Dalloway - Literature Essay Samples

Virginia Woolf’s novel Mrs. Dalloway is known for its flowing, stream-of-consciousness narrative form that connects external events and the thoughts of all of the characters. Ironically, one of the novel’s most prominent themes is that of individuals struggling with privacy of the soul. In particular, the main characters Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith serve as opposing yet connected personas that typify and develop the constant conflict between privacy and communication.On an exterior level, Clarissa and Septimus have many distinctive traits, including gender, social class, and level of sanity. Clarissa is an older, upper-class woman struggling to maintain her private emotions while interacting reasonably with those around her. While contemplating how she interacts with others, Clarissa reflects that she â€Å"had tried to be the same always, never showing a sign of all the other sides of her- faults, jealousies, vanities, suspicions† (37). However, earlier she notes that â€Å"she had the oddest sense of being herself invisible; unseen; unknown†¦ not even Clarissa any more; this being Mrs. Richard Dalloway† (10-11). The contrast between these two statements manifests Clarissa’s struggle between protecting the intimacy of her emotional state while fostering a sense of self among her social circles. On the other hand, Septimus is a World War I veteran who has lost his sanity due to severe post-war depression. Septimus appears to have a similar struggle to that of Clarissa, yet he focuses more on achieving a stable state within his own mind rather than maintaining communication with others. Septimus’ wife, Rezia, attempts to stimulate his interest in the external world, â€Å"for Dr. Holmes had told her to make her husband†¦ take an interest in things outside himself† (21). However, Septimus makes a different observation about himself, stating that â€Å"for now that it was all over, truce s igned, and the dead buried, he had, especially in the evening, these sudden thunder-claps of fear. He could not feel† (87). Therefore, while Clarissa mainly struggles with attempting to communicate with others, Septimus avoids interactions with society and focuses on the presumed loss of his inner emotional state. The diversity between the two characters serves to strengthen the universality of the conflict they experience. An early event in the text demonstrates the aforementioned differences between the two figures. When an official-looking vehicle passes through the streets, much excitement stirs as people wonder if the car contains the Queen or Prime Minister of England. Clarissa, who seems to have faith in her society and government, imagines â€Å"she had seen something white, magical, circular, in the footman’s hand, a disc inscribed with a name,- the Queen’s, the Prince of Wales’s, the Prime Minister’s?† (17). However, Septimus has a different take on the situation: â€Å"And there the motor car stood, with drawn blinds, and upon them a curious pattern like a tree†¦ and this gradual drawing together of everything to one centre before his eyes, as if some horror had come almost to the surface and was about to burst into flames, terrified him† (15). Rather than arousing interest or excitement in Septimus, the car reminds him of the destruction and loss of faith associated with the government during the war, and he attempts to internalize his fears. Despite their outward differences, many traits typify both Clarissa and Septimus during their development in the novel. For instance, both characters have an inclination towards literature, particularly that of Shakespeare. Clarissa views two lines of a Shakespeare play through a store window in the exposition of the plot: â€Å"Fear no more the heat o’ the sun/ nor the furious winter’s rages† (9). These lines are repeated and reflected upon often by both Clarissa and Septimus later on, and Clarissa particularly adapts the lines to her own fear of aging. Similarly, Septimus often analyzes his life by referring to Shakespeare, such as his statement after remembering his experiences in the war: â€Å"Here he opened Shakespeare once more. That boy’s business of the intoxication of language-Antony and Cleopatra- had shriveled utterly† (88). Like Clarissa, Septimus is able to apply literature to his own development. The characters’ inclination towards such writing implies that they are prone to analyzing people and events on a more in-depth level than those that are ignorant of literature, such as Clarissa’s husband. Eventually, both Clarissa and Septimus reach a moment where each character faces the respective side of the conflict that they have been contemplating. Interestingly, this moment takes place at the same time for both characters. With Rezia’s constant imploring, Septimus ev entually yields to her desire for him to see a psychiatrist: â€Å"At last, with a melodramatic gesture which he assumed mechanistically and with complete consciousness of its insincerity, he dropped his head on his hands. Now he had surrendered; now other people must help him† (90). Soon after this statement, the reader realizes that Clarissa undergoes a similar transition: â€Å"twelve o’clock struck as Clarissa Dalloway laid her green dress on her bed, and the Warren Smiths walked down Harley Street. Twelve was the hour of their appointment† (94). Just as Septimus must communicate with other members of society, Clarissa puts down her social dress, actions symbolizing an exchange between privacy of the soul and social interactions.In addition, at some point in the narrative both Clarissa and Septimus undergo a brief moment of clarity. Clarissa’s moment occurs early in the text, after she contemplates her husband’s lunch appointment with a woman f riend. The narrative describes this moment:It was a sudden revelation, a tinge like a blush which one tried to check and then, as it spread, one yielded to its expansion, and rushed to the farthest verge and there quivered and felt the world come closer, swollen with some astonishing significance, some pressure of rapture, which split its thin skin and gushed and poured with an extraordinary alleviation over the cracks and sores! Then, for that moment, she had seen an illumination; a match burning in a crocus; an inner meaning almost expressed (32). Clarissa appears to be experiencing a deep reflection on how the soul can, at times, connect to that of another person, such as when one is in love. The images of the revelation as an â€Å"illumination† or a â€Å"match,† similar to the fire that Septimus saw when the car drove by, connote a moment of intense emotional experience. During this moment, Clarissa realizes that it is possible to share the intricacies of the sou l with another person.Similarly, Septimus experiences a moment of clarity when he is spending time with Rezia, right before he commits suicide. As he is helping Rezia make a hat for a friend, Mrs. Peters, Septimus feels a brief period of sanity: â€Å"None of these things moved. All were still; all were real †¦ Miracles, revelations, agonies, loneliness, falling through the sea, down, down into the flames, all were burnt out† (142-143). He helps Rezia fix the hat, and afterwards describes how â€Å"never had he done anything which made him feel so proud. It was so real, it was so substantial, Mrs. Peters’ hat† (144). The stillness of Septimus’ visions asserts that he is temporarily returned to sanity, and the images of the flames burnt out imply an absence of the inner turmoil that earlier had haunted him. In the same way Clarissa experiences an emotional connection, Septimus feels a connection to his wife and the outside world, away from the private thoughts of his soul. He realizes it is possible to communicate and produce â€Å"substantial† accomplishments, an idea juxtaposed to his earlier ignorance of society and inability to relate to others in any meaningful manner. These moments of clarity help each character by balancing their constant reflection on one side of the conflict with a truth about the other.Clarissa and Septimus also share similar moments of reflection when they observe an elderly woman or man from afar. Clarissa views an elderly woman neighbor who lives alone and contemplates: â€Å"she watched out of the window the old lady climbing upstairs. Let her climb upstairs if she wanted to; let her stop†¦Somehow one respected that- that old woman looking out of the window, quite unconscious that she was being watched. There was something quite solemn in it† (126). Though the woman has complete privacy of her soul, â€Å"solemnity† most likely stems from the fact that the woman is alone a nd is unable to communicate with others, the other part of life that is necessary for humans as social beings. The woman withdrawing and climbing the stairs symbolizes her removal from any sort of connection to the outside world. Clarissa respects this act because she has been incapable of entirely avoiding communication, and instead spends the day throwing a party to stimulate further social interaction. Likewise, Septimus views an old man descending a staircase out of a house before he throws himself over a balcony to commit suicide. Septimus’ death is described: â€Å"Coming down the staircase opposite an old man stopped and stared at him. Holmes was at the door. â€Å"I’ll give it you!† he cried, and flung himself vigorously† (149). While the old woman Clarissa observed was ascending stairs and hiding from the outside world, the old man is descending the stairs and exposing himself to society. Septimus cries â€Å"I’ll give you!† to asse rt that he has maintained control over his own private soul, and only will expose it when he wants to, rather than when the doctor probes him. Septimus commits suicide by leaving the house, an action symbolic of leaving the privacy of the soul and revealing himself to others. Thus, Septimus’ death is his final method of communicating with the world while keeping his interior protected. The old man and old woman that Clarissa and Septimus watch help clarify relations with either one’s soul or outside society by typifying experiences that other people have that relate to the protagonists, and have similar views with respect to privacy and communication. A final connection is made directly between Clarissa and Septimus in the climax of the novel, when Clarissa comments on Septimus’ suicide. She decides that: â€Å"Death was defiance†¦an attempt to communicate; people feeling the impossibility of reaching the centre which, mystically, evaded them; closeness dr ew apart; rapture faded, one was alone. There was an embrace in death† (184). Clarissa feels responsible for the suicide: â€Å"Somehow it was her disaster- her disgrace. It was her punishment to see sink and disappear here a man, there a woman, in this profound darkness, and she forced to stand there in her evening dress† (185). It appears that Clarissa and Septimus have decided to handle their private lives in different ways. While Septimus made one final communication with society while still preserving the privacy of his own soul, Clarissa has forgone much privacy for the societal figure that she has become by marrying Richard, symbolized by the reference to her dress. Interestingly, both figures realize that preserving one side of the conflict involves somewhat sacrificing the other; however, the choice over which is more important is left up to the character, as well as the reader, to decide.

Analysis on Atheism - 1421 Words

To be honest with you I think some of McCloskey questions of the existence of God are based and as a Christian I know I have questioned the existence of God at one point in my life. I had to really learn the hard way. From the article one can see that McCloskey is trying very hard to dismiss every claim of the theistic view. From the videos on blackboard, when someone decides to prove something or someone, then that means there is certainty and assurance that thing is absolutely true. The truth of the matter is that we cannot prove one hundred percent of the existence of God and that is why an Atheist like McCloskey would say that without evidence then there is no God. McCloskey try’s his best to scientifically prove that the creation of†¦show more content†¦I believe that every argument is defeasible. I think that the reason that McCloskey is saying this is because he is arguing the God of the bible and not the minimalistic ideal of God. Everyone is entitled to belie ve what he or she wants to believe, he saying that the cosmological argument, does not entitle us to an all-powerful and all-perfect God but that still does not disvalue the rational of there being a God in the first place and I believe that makes his statement meaningless in disproving the necessity and presence of God. When it comes to the teleological argument, McCloskey also claims that the teleological argument lacks premises due to similar reasons as the cosmological argument. In short both arguments do not prove God as a designer. In his mind, this argument is faulty because it does not show enough evidence for the existence of God. What he means when he argues for a genuine indisputable example of design of the universe is that he desired to see obvious proof for the existence of God. He disagrees with the fact that it is impossible to proof something with one hundred evidence. In Evans and Manis, when they talk about some noticeable evidences that prove the existence of God in Philosophy of religion, they said that the way in which nature and the universe is organized and structured there must be aShow MoreRelatedThe Essence Of Christianity Had A Profound Impact On Marx s Philosophy Of Right1247 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity had a profound impact on Marx’s atheism, and ultimately led to the ‘Feuerbachian-Marxist postulate that human emancipation’ could be achieved through liberation from religion, the approaches toward this objective considerably vary. Despite Ricoeur’s defence that Feuerbach should be considered a ‘master of suspicion’, because Marx’s atheism is ‘an elaboration... a further development of Feuerbachianism’, this questions whether Feuerbach’s and Marx’s atheisms are as compatible as initially perceivedRead MoreReligion and Atheism1444 Words   |  6 PagesReligion atheism Religion is a highly complex and difficult field, constituting, on the one hand, the founding power at the basis of nations and societies, but also, on the other hand, a cause of wars and never-ending conflicts. The disputes on religious matters are far from being exhausted and the issues debated are virtually infinite. Religion is a never ending subject of discussion, and one ever lasting topic of interest is represented by tolerance. Tolerance often represents the pillarRead MoreEssay on Enlightenment and the Death of God3443 Words   |  14 Pagesdead: but given the way men are, there may still be caves for thousands of years in which his shadow will be shown.-- And we -- we still have to vanquish his shadow, too.[1] The death he witnessed was the tide of atheism that has dominated science and philosophy since his time. This atheism invariably comes from one of two different backgrounds: Enlightenment science and Enlightenment morality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the major products of the Enlightenment was science. As humans were deprived of their previousRead MoreThe Philosophical Conflict between Freedom and Authority1286 Words   |  5 Pagesperfect, but an elected body of government representatives would be more likely to provide the fairest and most equal possible protection for every individual than would be the case without any governmental authority (Cranston, 1993). Mill Proposes an Analysis and Solution In his classic 1859 treatise On Liberty, John Stuart Mill provides a definition of liberty intended to provide a comprehensive conceptual framework to balance the respective rights and privileges of all individuals in society. MillRead MoreDr. Richard Dawkins : Wolf With False Teeth1005 Words   |  5 PagesDawkins fails as an effective critic of Christianity for three basic reasons. First, the Christian faith he criticizes is a poorly drawn caricature of the real thing. Second, his critical arguments consistently fail to pass the rigor of logical analysis. Third, Dawkins refuses to take counter argument seriously, dismissing critics without responding to criticism that even his supporters recognize as legitimate. These qualities disqualify Dr. Dawkins as a serious opponent of Christianity. DawkinsRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative Action Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesCited 1. Affirmative Action amp; Ethics: Affirmative Action amp; Qualifications. Agnosticism / Atheism - Skepticism amp; Atheism for Atheists amp; Agnostics. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. lt;http://atheism.about.com/library/FAQs/phil/blphil_eth_aa_qualif.htmgt;. 2. Affirmative Action amp; Ethics: Affirmative Action Is Reverse Discrimination. Agnosticism / Atheism - Skepticism amp; Atheism for Atheists amp; Agnostics. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. lt;http://atheism.about.com/library/FAQs/phil/blphil_eth_aa_qualifRead MoreThere s No Heaven By Salman Rushdie930 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship of psychological health and religious belief, and concludes in his analysis of the studies that nonbelievers seem to undergo more psychological distress as they are most uncertain in their beliefs than any other surveyed groups. Meanwhile, Wilkinson began a study of his own in which he reviewed and analyzed the results in his article Strong Beliefs and Coping in Old Age: A Case Based Comparison of Atheism and Religious Faith. In his study, Wilkinson did a case by case examination betweenRead MoreIs Atheism Considered The Belief Of The Existence Of Gods?1155 Words   |  5 PagesULTIMATE REALITY The first mode would have to be the mode that makes most in a search for the ultimate reality. Atheism is considered the belief in the absence of the existence of gods. This absence of belief usually comes from a deliberate choice, or from an inherent inability to believe in religious teachings. It is not a lack of belief born from ignorance of religions. The word atheism has a very negative connotation but it is the lack of belief in other religions and or gods that produce this wayRead MoreEssay on The Religious Terrorist1509 Words   |  7 PagesSubstantive Analysis: Introduction: Terrorism is used around the world to create fear and influence the public on political views (Siegel, 489). There are four views of terrorism including the psychological view, socialization view, ideological view, and the alienation view. A religious terrorist would most likely fit under the ideological view. In this view the terrorist feels the need to change a wrong opinion and believes that, because they are sacrificing themselves for something theyRead MoreFriedrich Nietzsche s Influence On Modern Intellectual History And Western Philosophy1559 Words   |  7 Pagesphilologist, and a Greek and Latin scholar. His work has had lots of influence on modern intellectual history and Western philosophy in general. It revolved mainly around art, philology, religion and science. He wrote about morality, tragedy, aesthetics, atheism, epistemology and consciousness. However, some of Nietzsche s most profound elements of his philosophy include his powerful critique of reason and t ruth. He argued for perspectivism. He critiqued religion and Christian ethics, developed the concept

Music in the Middle Ages - 733 Words

Music during the middle ages was part of everyday life. It was played at weddings, parties, birthdays, holidays, festivals, christmas, and mayday.There were many types of music for example chivaree this was played on Valentine’s day where there would be romantic music. There were many types of instruments played. Most of the instruments were peacefully played like the harp, flute, the lute, and the lyre. In the middle ages there were many types of music. There was plainchant, polyphony, and secular music all of this music was played during the middle ages. Plainchant is a chant was started around 100 ad this is a chant was said in Latin which began in unison. Each day and every hour the people would do this chant. They would chat about the bible passages, prayers, and sacared text . Which did not require instruments. In the Christian traditions it said music should be related to spiritual thoughts instead of musical instruments. Polyphony music was sung in many parts like two or more parts. People had to harmonize which was difficult back then. This was hard to do because they had to do more than one tone and the tones was harder than movement of voice. Later than in he 1250 ad Pope John XXII (21) forbid this complex polyphony. Secular music is a non religious type of music.Back then when the church banded polyphony secular music was beginning to start. This music was focusing on forms of dancing. The type of danced would tell what type of dancing would beShow MoreRelatedEssay on Music in The Middle Ages1340 Words   |  6 Pagesinto our history, it is very hard to graze over the fact that music has reigned as one of the most influential components of artistic expression in our time. It has been a part of numerous peoples lives across the globe since the beginning of time. Music has been able to not only define the people that craft it, but encompass and define a whole time period and culture in its own, le aving a very bold mark upon history. Two pieces of music that have played integral roles during their time are â€Å"In Paradisum†Read MoreBeautiful Music of the Middle Ages 543 Words   |  2 PagesBeautiful music is the art of the prophets that can calm the agitations of the soul, it is one of the most magnificent and delightful presents God has given us -Martin Luther. Music was a part of life then and it is a part of life today. Without music, life itself would be a mistake. Seeing the changes over the years is a great way to follow the patterns and differences this way of communicating has shown us. Some of the more popular music was the Gregorian Chant, Organum, Motet and Madrigal. InRead MoreMiddle Ages Art and Music Pertinence to Literature Essay example602 Words   |  3 Pages Middle Ages Art and Music Pertinence to Literature Medieval Times directly follow the period of the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages are recalled as unwieldy times. After the Dark Ages, the Middle Ages raised themselves up against odds to be a time of elegance and class. Not only was the sophistication of the age can be seen being altered in the specific expressions of music and art. The art and music within the Middle Ages brought sophistication, elegance, refinement, and new ideas into the world throughRead More Music History thru the Middle Ages, Rennisance, Baroque, etc...1983 Words   |  8 Pages Music has evolved too many different forms that we recognize today. We trace this development throughout time. Beginning in the middle ages, we have seen advancement from the Gregorian chant all the way to the Jazz of the 20th century. The current events, politics, religion, technology and composers can shape musical eras during time. Here I will look at the middle ages, renaissance, baroque, classical, romantic and twentieth century periods. I hope that a better understanding can be reached toRead MoreMusic History Through the Middle Ages, Rennisance, Baroque, Etc...2017 Words   |  9 PagesMusic has evolved too many different forms that we recognize today. We trace this development throughout time. Beginning in the middle ages, we have seen advancement from the Gregorian chant all the way to the Jazz of the 20th century. The current events, politics, religion, technology and composers can shape musical eras during time. Here I will look at the middle ages, renaissance, baroque, classical, romantic and twentieth century periods. I hope that a better understanding can be reachedRead MoreHow Did Music From the Middle Ages and the Renaissance Reflect Core Values?674 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿How Did Middle Age/Renaissance Music Reflect Core Values? The Renaissance was an influential period in developing humanistic inquiry. The age is characterized by a deep commitment to education and the arts. People began studying science and creating art for its own sake; it was believed that engaging in such endeavors allowed one to lead a life of morality, and Renaissance artwork was devoted to core values concerning early Christian morality and learning. This paper discusses Joaquin des PrezsRead MoreMiddle Ages And Renaissance Era1081 Words   |  5 PagesMiddle Ages and Renaissance Era The Middle Ages were not known for their choice in government, ways of living, or their views on the Church. Rather, they were known for making the best of what was given to the, which was music. During the early Middle Ages, peasants stayed bound to the land they were given, but had to depend on landlords for protection. Also, many social bonds were ties of kinship, which lead to the emergence of feudalism among the warrior aristocracy (The Middle Ages: Feudal LifeRead MoreHistory Of Music Has Been Around For Many Years1272 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 10 March 2017 History of Music Music has been around for many years. I, for one, have been listening to music for my entire life and I know many people who grew up listening to music. Music influences people and people shape their life around music. Music can brighten anyone’s day. The great thing about music is that it comes in many different styles: Pop, Jazz, Classical, Country, Blues, Rock and Roll, Rap, Hip Hop and Techno, to name a few. How did music originate? Well, keep reading, becauseRead MoreGutenberg s Printing Press And Its Impact On The Advancement Of Printing Technology1506 Words   |  7 PagesDue to the advancement of printing technology, specifically Gutenberg s printing press around 1450, notated music could be produced at a much higher capacity. The printing of liturgical books, however, did not commence until 1473, but it rapidly increased until Ottaviano Petrucci had printed 59 volumes of sheet music by 1523.1 Nevertheless, the process was slow and tedious. Grout and Palisca note: â€Å"each sheet went through the press three times: once to print the staff lines, another time to printRead MoreClassical Music Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesMusic is such an amazing and wonderful thing. There are so many different possibilities when it comes to music. One of the fascinating things about music is that there is always room for improvement. Composers are making better and better music everyday. Music is always changing and composers are creating new never before heard pieces constantly. There is such a wide range of music that it is almost impossible for someone to not like at least one kind of music. The combination of keys and instruments

An Evaluation Of A Democratic Republic - 1935 Words

Democracy is a multi-dimensional complex system of which the sum is greater than its individual parts. Another perspective that can be used to better understand the conceptual framework of democracy is its identity as a contrast of communism. In the recent century, there have been periods of revolution where regimes have fallen and a democratic system replaced the oppressive communist system. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze Hungary’s attempt to function as a democratic republic beginning with the preceding factors that lead to the transition from communism to democracy followed by the transition process itself from 1990 to 1991. An evaluation of the political system fifteen years after the transition will be included in†¦show more content†¦Preceding Factors In order for a society to progressively function, regardless of what type of political system it adheres to, the quintessential factor determining its success in this regard requires a stable economy. The dismal state of the economy in the late 1980’s sealed the fate of communism in Hungary by delegitimizing both Kadar’s regime in addition to the communist system as a political and economic conceptual framework all together (Bigler, 1992). As a result, the loss of faith from the Hungarian public set the tone for a peaceful political revolution that differed from the prior attempts, historically known to have been riddled with violence. Firstly, the oppressive political grip of the Soviet Union known to the Hungarians for the previous four decades was not just absent, it was replaced with encouragement. Secondly, this newfound encouragement was accompanied with a lack of suppression; a sharp contrast of the 1956 revolution where the bloody retaliation of the occupying So viet Troops successfully suppressed the uprising (Bigler, 1992). The end of Kadar’s rule (1988) was followed by a critical change in political and ideological pace beginning with the removal and banishment of Kadar and within a year, the complete abandonment of the communist party’s monopoly on power all together. The party itself was renamed from the Communist Party to the Hungarian Socialist Party and was headed by Karoly Grosz who was the leader behind the coup that overthrew

Fashion Styles Of The Fashion Essay - 1326 Words

When people think of fashion, no one thinks about all the genres that come with fashion from the clothing to the designers, fashion has many genres. One genre, in general, is style. Some may call themselves grunge or preppy. There are many fashion genres that people wear, from classic, chic, western and goth. These genres in fashion give a pathway to what people were wearing in previous years like for an example, the 90’s were grunge, and the 70s were bohemian. They also give people the feeling to define themselves as something through style. Without these genres, many fashion designers wouldn’t know what styles are in at the time. There are also genres for different types of fashion brands, like haute couture, high-end, fast fashion. This also gives a great difference between the clothing we wear and the clothing you see on the runway. They are many genres of style, anyone and everyone has one. Style means a lot of things In apparel, it is the characteristic or distinctive appearance of a garment (In Fashion, 8). Also, it’s the manner of something you do like how and what you wear. They are all very different from glamorous to preppy, to African and Asian styles. Over the years style has changed a lot. Back in the 1800’s style for women was very reserved, bland colors and corsets. As years went on women s clothing changed a lot, the dresses became shorter, and the cuts of the clothing were ï ¿ ¼ ï ¿ ¼less restricting. In the 1920s Dresses were flashy and bright. Shorts were notShow MoreRelatedStyles Of Fashion1732 Words   |  7 Pagesmore, resembling a fedora type style. Women would also have a handbag of some sort, jewelry, and make-up with a light tone, matching lipstick and nail polish shade, and eyebrows drawn on, which could be compared to eyebrow shading as some women practice today, to allow more femininity (Glamourpost, 2012, Marketti and Angstman, 2013, Marketti and Tortora, 2015, Riding, 2013, and Young and Young, 2012). Men’s styles had some differences as compared to women’s styles of the era. Starting off withRead MoreFashion Styles Of The 1920s1689 Words   |  7 Pages Have you ever wondered what fashion looked like back in the 1930s and how different it might be from the styles that are around today? Do you ever wonder what the clothing looked like for men and women and how they accessorized? Clothing for both men and women back then was very sharp and elegant looking. There were a variety of clothes and accessories to be worn both during the day and night by everyone. In the 1930s, there were many ideas, icons, and styles that all contributed to the varietyRead MoreHigh Fashion And Streetwear Styles Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pages20 October 2016 High Fashion and Streetwear In modern society there exists an enormous spectrum of fashion, each individual person’s fashion style is heavily influenced by their environment, interests, and many other factors. Among the vast variety of styles present in today’s fashion culture, streetwear and high fashion are two of the most distinctive and prominent styles, having a huge influence on how the general population dresses. High fashion and streetwear are two styles that heavily influenceRead MoreFashion Street Style in Korea2193 Words   |  9 PagesStreet style in South Korea: Individualism or Collectivism? Introduction For the scope of this paper, I am focusing on how South Korean urbanites view fashion as a means of expression and how fashion reflects the values of the Korean urban society. Based on my preliminary observations, I have noticed that Korea has a very distinct street style. I have observed that majority of the people on the streets dress in a similar fashion. Unlike in western societies where street style tends to be more variedRead MoreThe Fashion Style From Early 1800s940 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fashion Style From The Early 1900s: âÅ" ¦ In 1910, Irene Castle, a ballroom dancer, influenced shorter and flowy dresses that allowed her legs to be free âÅ" ¦ In 1910, a tailored suit sold for twenty dollars, while custom-made suits sold for hundreds of dollars âÅ" ¦ In 1910, the Women’s Wear Daily acknowledged a new dress that could be worn all day âÅ" ¦ In the spring of 1910, designers came out with a skirt so tight, women could barely walk âÅ" ¦ In 1914, the shirtwaist was the everyday wear and could be wornRead MoreLife Style Affects Fashion, And Shopping Orientation Essay1494 Words   |  6 Pages2.6 Consumer Psychographic Characteristics 2.6.1 Life style affects fashion, and shopping orientation Lifestyle behaviour is a one of part of the â€Å"AIO† (activities, interests, opinions), which might be determined as a shape of consumption that affects consumer alternatives on how to spend their time and money (Kuruvilla and Joshi, 2010, p. 261; Solomon, 2009, p. 229). Also, lifestyle, as reported in Gutman Mills (1982), has classified fashion apparel lifestyle segments, such as interests, opinionsRead MoreA Matter of Style: Fashion in 17th Century France and New France1020 Words   |  5 PagesQueen Marie Antoinette started a fashion revolution in France when she began ordering and wearing muslin dresses from â€Å"the Americas.† Muslin dresses would have been plentiful during the 1780s when the Queen sought a simpler more comfortable wardrobe. In addition to this, the climate of the southern portion of New France and its islands caused an abundance of cotton to grow and foster a budding fabric industry. This paper compares the fashions of women in 17th century France to those of womenRead MoreThis essay, 1920s vs 1960s, writen in AABB format, deals with the comparison of; general statistics, fashion styles of both men women, music, controversial issues.1502 Words   |  7 Pagesilliteracy rate was at a new low of only 6% of the population during this time period. Yet, despite all the aspects, which today we might see as unfavorable, this decade was full of many new and exciting things. From the way they dressed, to the music styles, and finally to the controversial issues, the 1920s were a nonstop era of change. Yet, as we move ahead to the 1960s, life was very different. There were around 177,830,000 people living in the United States. Unfortunately, as the population increasedRead MoreWhen People Talk About The Word â€Å"Fashion,† It Automobility1676 Words   |  7 Pagesword â€Å"fashion,† it automobility provides a sense of popular styles of clothing, accessories, and makeup. Fashion influences not only on people’s behaviors, but also influences the society as a whole, such as socially and economically. In Adorned in Dreams, the author Elizabeth Wilson, introduces that fashion is a form of art, and people can use fashion to express their ideas, beliefs, and desires. Wilson also introduces the history of fashions in order to prove that people can use fashion to expressRead More Fashion History Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesHistorically, multiple styles of dressing have been created during the last several decades, which played an important role in modern fashion in the UK. Everyone has a different and unique dressing style in their general life. Some styles are influenced in vintage styles which is attributing to the deep effects of old vogue, and another group of dressing styles are inclined into the fresh element. According to those different styles some of them are even evolved in the milestones in fashion history. To

The notebook Free Essays

The movie The Notebook brings forth a great amount of emotion and affection. This story, originally written by author Nicholas Sparks, follows a couple through the ups and downs of love. The great portion of the movie is a flashback looking into the lives of two young people smitten for each other. We will write a custom essay sample on The notebook or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even when distance and other lovers separate them, the two find their way back to each other. In this movie the theory that love conquers all proves to be a major theme. This movie, origianlly a novel, starts with the Noah (Ryan Gosling) and Allie (Rachel McAdams) in their late years. It becomes apparent that Allie suffers from Alzheimer’s isease. Noah reads to her daily from a diary, but who he really is and show wrote the stories in this book remain unknown throughout most of the movie. It then flashes back to when they first met. They were teenagers at the time, and it did not take long for them to be inseparable and in love. Allie, coming from a wealthy family, was soon forbidden from dating Noah. Her parents thought their daughter deserved someone better then a mineworker. Allie’s family moves away from the town, and they do not contact each other for the few years that she is gone. During this time, Allie meets a soldier while she is a nurse during a war. Noah goes off to war, and he mother hides each and every one of them. Allie becomes engaged to her new boyfriend. Upon returning, home, she meets back up with Noah. Here, is where I find the most intense and important scene. Noah wants her back, and it is evident she feels the same way, but she now has a fianc ©. After a long, grueling scene she goes back to her man, Noah. Throughout the entirety of the movie, it flashes back and forth between the past and the present. At the end of the movie, Noah tells Allie that the story he reads to her almost everyday is about their lives, and how they now have kids. She realizes she does not have long before she forgets this touching story, and so they enjoy the little time she has remembering that this man is the love of her life. In the end, they end up passing away together in the same bed, holding tight to each other and still very much in love. In this movie, and scene particularly, the depth and emotion brought forth conjures a specific type of audience. I think that this movie was made mostly for adults, and most commonly women. I am part of this group, so I believe that is why I find it so appealing. The writer and producer ahd to keep this in min when writing the movie because of course these wo young this scene dramatically because this is when they decide they want to be with no other person besides each other. This scene I chose stars off with Allie going to Noah’s house after years of not seeing each other. As she starts to leave with an engagement ring on her finger from another man, Noah practically professes his love for her in a very tense way. The on-going question he asks is, â€Å"What do you want? † Allie repeatedly replies she does not know, but he does not even begin to take this as an answer. Once Allie exclaims she has to go, she leaves to go to the hotel where her fianc © is staying. When she arrives, he can tell that she is under much stress. Being a very caring guy, he reminds her how much he loves her, as well as she does back, but he tells her he does not want to have to convince his finace to stay with him. Allie shows back up at Noah’s house, and he knows at this point that she has come back forever. Throughout this scene, the producer shows the sexual tension between the two lovers. They set up the camera angle ot where only one person is seen at a time as they argue back and forth. Also, the way Allie has not moved far from her car shows how she is torn by being there and what she hould ultimately do. Impatience is heard in Noah’s voice throughout this entire because she keeps telling him she does not want to upset anyone, even though he lust wants her to let him know what she wants, not anyone else. During this scene in the movie, there are many effects added to the movie to set the mood. This conversation between Allie and Noah happens as she is leaving in her car after an intense scene. She is hanging onto the door of her car, letting Noah know how timid she is about this whole situation. She might be trying to show the way she does not want to be confronted about this topic. How to cite The notebook, Papers

Australian Engineering Practice for Production-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss engineers' roles, responsibilities and the need to employ principles of sustainable development. Answer: have embraced various roles and responsibilities when working on my team project. I have to understand the objectives and purpose of the team project. In the team project, I am obliged to recognize the issues as well as the risks which are connected to the project. I have to join hands with the team members to create motivation and also ensure that there is effective communication for positive outcomes in the project. My roles and responsibilities relate to the Trevelyan Textbook since it brings out the knowledge, and principles of the engineering profession. There are several student engineers who have roles and responsibilities for successful learning (Trevelyan, 2014 pp.5). The book indicates that the engineers should be able to embrace deep understanding and insight to deal with the technical tasks and work to be successful. I understand sustainability in engineering as the process of the working and designing systems which use resources and energy sustainably. In simple words, the process does not have a negative impact on the environment and the generations in the future can fulfill their needs (Harris, Pritchard, Rabins, James and Englehardt, 2013 pp.10). Sustainability leads to better engineering solution such as creating the bar for the air quality standards to enhance the quality of life for the humans. For instance, sustainability has helped minimize the threats of air pollution in the United States through technology which was invented by Dan Sperling and Bryan Jenkins (Kanadasan. and Razak, 2015. Pp.80). However, I defined sustainability engineering better since there is need to replace current technologies in the future to change the industries and protect the environment. The world needs solutions of technology, science, and policies over energy and protection for the environment. My values are important and they determine how I respond to the ethical conflict situations. For instance, I embrace three core values which are fidelity, self-discipline, and honesty which I believe they have an impact on how I live and work. Talking of fidelity, I am faithful to the clients and earn trust from the public. Fidelity guides my loyalty to God, my profession, and to the employer. Through honesty, I exercise sincerity, fairness, and truthfulness in every activity. Finally, self-discipline helps me to act reasonably and I do not engage in weird behaviors. Therefore, values are important in the individual life since they determine the choices made (Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2015 pp.12). However, despite having the values, we need to exercise them with morality to avoid unethical conflicts. If the ethical values are exercised with morality, individuals would as well respond to the situations regarding conflicts. Manage information and documentation. Since there are many members of the team, there are various processes that the team set to share information and ensure every individual work on the most recent document. Every personnel are obliged to take part in sharing information based on various cases and criteria set by the team (Kilchoer, Beersma and Homan, 2014 pp.7). For instance, the team employed the one-off sharing process and the systematic sharing process. To begin with one-off sharing process, the team members used this procedure to locate every team member. The team members are careful when sharing the personal information for the team members. Therefore, they employ keen judgment to ensure personal information is protected and if it would be necessary to share it. The team members follow a procedure when using the one-off sharing process. They need to know if the identity of the requester is satisfied to confirm who they are. They must have sufficient information and also know the motive of disclosing information. A policing purpose is employed to ensure that the information is secured (Kembro, Nslund and Olhager, 2017 pp.12). Any team member who is receiving information using the one-off sharing, they have to ensure it is protected and it is only used for the requested reason. For further sharing of information, there must be consultation to ensure that the information is not disclosed to the unauthorized person. On the other hand, systematic sharing process involves sharing of information through agreements among the team members. If there is an agreement when sharing information, it is clear all the requirements are met based on the request. For instance, information can be shared using the E-mail, telephone, or using an address for a team member. In the case where the team share bulk information, a PIA or Privacy Impact Assessment is considered to ensure the privacy for team members is not intruded. This is because a PIA is used to recognize the risks which may involve the project and henc e costs are minimized (Moorthy, Roth, Olliaro, Dye and Kieny, 2016 pp.234). Every team member must be satisfied with the information before it is shared with the intended person. Information is as well reviewed to ensure that it complies with the stakeholders rules. The information sharing processes ensures there is efficiency and also the information is protected to help the team members conduct their operations effectively (Greenaway, Wright, Willingham, Reynolds and Haslam, 2015 pp.4). Through one-off sharing and the systematic sharing processes where Emails, telephones, and addresses are used ensures the team engages every team member to work in the most recent version of a document. Communicate effectively across a range of contexts. Email is one of the most effective ways of communicating effectively with the stakeholders (Knapp, Vangelisti and Caughlin, 2014 pp.18). I sent an email to a team facilitator as outlined below. Dear facilitator, I have read a posting that the team members require a Technical Project Manager to assist them in the project. My experience fits the qualifications you are looking for amongst the team members. Particularly, I have worked with various technological institutions as a Project Manager and I am sure I will have an impact on the team project. I have excelled in maintaining and establishing the best practices, participate in project decision-making, manage complex projects, and ensure there is progress in the project. I have a solid educational background and there I request you to look at my resume and consider me as the Technical Project Manager for the team. Thank you. The above email makes an effective communication since it is clear, confident, and it conveys respect to the facilitator. I have provided an example of an unprofessional email below. Dear facilitator, Thank you; I have seen your concerns that you need a Technical Project Manager. I have the skills and I think that Technical Project Managers have difficult tasks. I understand that you need a degree holder so that the project can run effectively. Therefore, I have worked hard in the course for so long and I have always wanted to play a role as a Technical Project Manager for the team. I am attaching a copy of my grades for you to see that I am bright and I can handle to project effectively. I am also practicing about the project because I am expecting a positive feedback from you. At the same time, I am confident that I will scoop the position in the project. I feel happy for having written to you, and I look forward to a reply with detailed information concerning my role in the team project. The above E-mail is unprofessional and it is full of mockery. The E-mail is not clear and it does not convey respect. The E-mail does not portray effective communication and the writer does not use a professional language. As indicated above, effective communication conveys respect, clear, and confident which is not evident in the E-mail above (Evans, Hearn, Uhlemann and Ivey, 2017 pp.5). It is important if people learn to communicate appropriately through mediums such as emails and exercise effective communication. Bibliography Trevelyan, J., 2014.The making of an expert engineer. CRC Press. Harris Jr, C.E., Pritchard, M.S., Rabins, M.J., James, R. and Englehardt, E., 2013.Engineering ethics: Concepts and cases. Cengage Learning. Kanadasan, J. and Razak, H.A., 2015. Engineering and sustainability performance of self-compacting palm oil mill incinerated waste concrete.Journal of Cleaner Production,89, pp.78-86. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Kilchoer, S.L., Beersma, B. and Homan, A., 2014. The role of Ethical Leadership in the Task/Relationship Conflict Dilemma and its influence on Job Outcomes. Kembro, J., Nslund, D. and Olhager, J., 2017. Information sharing across multiple supply chain tiers: A Delphi study on antecedents.International Journal of Production Economics. Moorthy, V.S., Roth, C., Olliaro, P., Dye, C. and Kieny, M.P., 2016. Best practices for sharing information through data platforms: establishing the principles.Bulletin of the World Health Organization,94(4), p.234. Knapp, M.L., Vangelisti, A.L. and Caughlin, J.P., 2014.Interpersonal communication human relationships. Pearson Higher Ed. Evans, D.R., Hearn, M.T., Uhlemann, M.R. and Ivey, A.E., 2017.Essential interviewing: A programmed approach to effective communication. Nelson Education. Greenaway, K.H., Wright, R.G., Willingham, J., Reynolds, K.J. and Haslam, S.A., 2015. Shared identity is key to effective communication.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,41(2), pp.171-182.

What Inspires Me to Make Art free essay sample

My friend and I sat on her floor one day and pondered our life’s worst possible scenarios. We began with the best and slowly eliminated key factors: dream job, beautiful husband, tropical location, happy smiley children, millions of dollars coming down from the sky with no particular explanation, happiness. As we neared the worst case we arrived at: lonely, ugly, and dirty lives.My worst-case scenario was to live in a tiny apartment not in a city. There would be one window looking out over someone else’s small patch of dying grass. Every wall in the house would be painted the same dull color that could have once been blue or green or white or brown. Now it all just looks like an unhealthy grey.My friend winced. But I had already resolved this situation. â€Å"Ill draw all over the walls and write stories on tiny sheets of paper and roll them up and drop them out the window for someone to find and enjoy,† I said. We will write a custom essay sample on What Inspires Me to Make Art or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"I’ll live in a dream world where everything is imagination so nothing can ever go wrong.†So this was no longer my worst possible situation because no matter how far into any kind of a hellish failure I placed myself, I was left with one thing: My creative mind.â€Å"I’ll be the woman trapped all day in the toll booth whose job is utterly pointless and lonely since EZpass came around,† I decide. â€Å"Instead of dwelling on my life’s sad situation, I’ll watch and think about each person who passes by. I’ll write stories inspired by the fleeting glimpses of commuter’s faces on their way to work† and with that small glimmer of creative expression and freedom I have raised myself out of the worst case scenario.If I see something meaningful and I notice, and ponder and analyze, I become an artist with my mind and those thoughts become art, even if I never tell a soul. If I write about what I have observed I become an artist with words and the words become art. If I see something beautiful and I draw it, I become an artist with my hand, and the beautiful thing becomes art.To be an artist is to notice the world as it moves around me. I’ve heard it said that artists see the same things that the rest of the world sees, only they see them better. The small mind’s definition of art is a beautiful drawing; the larger picture is that there is art in everything seen with the intention of beauty. And it is possible to find beauty in ugliness, or decay. An artist is someone who can see the artistic potential, the beauty, in anything.Good lawyers practice the art of law. They play with the way we see what we see in a crime or a disagreement, they’re looking at it differently, perhaps seeing better, than someone who doesnt practice this art. Anything done in a fine careful way can be called an art and anyone who does it can be called an artist.When I feel pointless I create something- any silly thing. By creating it I can remember that I matter, that without me this little creation could not be.No matter where or how I end up it will be impossible to reach that worst case scenario that I searched for that day with my friend. Because I am an artist and, though the best case scenario does involve paintings, movies, clay, discussions, pencils and paper, none of those things are necessary to existing in a world where everything I see and do and am is beautiful and meaningful and art.What inspires me is everything, and everything, when looked at in the context of an answer to a specific question can easily look like one thing; art. Art inspires me to do art. And I don’t mean art as in Renaissance masterpieces but art as in smiles and dirt, light and air, stories and telephone conversations. Not what these things look like when they are photographed, filmed or painted; but what these things look like as they happen, as they exist. I do art because art is how I see the world. I exist inside it and see it everywhere and that is why I have no choice but to capture, describe, record, listen to, appreciate, and be inspired to make it.

salt fluid mixture using SAFT and Molecular Dynamics. The WritePass Journal

Developing a thermodynamic equation of state for CO2/water/salt fluid mixture using SAFT and Molecular Dynamics. Previous Research Track Record Developing a thermodynamic equation of state for CO2/water/salt fluid mixture using SAFT and Molecular Dynamics. Previous Research Track RecordSome selected publications2.1 Background:   Introduction2.2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Background:   Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT).  2.3 Research Hypothesis and Objectives2.4   Programme and MethodologyMilestones of proposed research: these are2.5   Relevance to Academic BeneficiariesReferencesRelated Previous Research Track Record Christopher Jumbo, the principal investigator in this research project, is an MSc postgraduate student of Environment and Sustainable Technology in the School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Sciences (CEAS) at the University of Manchester. He completed his undergraduate degree programme in 2009 and holds a BSc degree (with first class distinction honours) in geology from the University of Maiduguri, Nigeria. He has worked quite appreciably in the area of sedimentary petrology. In 2008, his BSc research project dissertation saw him work on the petrographic analysis of sedimentary rocks (sandstone, shale, limestone and siltstone) mapped around the south-western extension of the Chad basin in Northeast Nigeria. This work also evaluated reservoir properties (porosity and permeability) of the basin and was supervised by Dr. Elnaffaty. A passion for environmental sustainability in the energy sector geared his research interest to modelling CO2 storage potentials in geologic reservoi rs. Receiving an award for his outstanding undergraduate performance (an MSc overseas scholarship sponsor by the Petroleum Technology development fund (PTDF) in 2010) saw him come to the University of Manchester where he now focuses in this research area. The principal co-investigator, Professor Andrew Masters, is a professor of chemical physics in CEAS at the University of Manchester. He completed his PhD in 1980 at the University of Cambridge and was post-doctoral associate between 1980 and 1984 in both Yale University and the University of Paris Sud, France respectively. Professor Masters has worked in the area of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics for 26 years and has over 90 publications accredited to him in this area. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) and a member of the molecular modelling, simulation and design research group. His research interest can broadly be categorised as the theory and modelling of soft-matters, i.e. liquids, liquid crystals, colloidal suspension, polymers and gels. The underlying thread of all his research is the ability to predict the properties of a material from knowledge about its molecular make-up. He currently is a co-investigator for a NERC grant on CO2 storage, with collaborations from Leeds, Cambridge and British Geological Society. He has supervised ten PhD students to completion and currently supervises two Post-Doctorate and five PhD students. Some selected publications [1] S. J. Halstead and A. J. Masters. Mol. Phys, 2010. 108(2): 193-203. [2] M. Dennison, A. J. Masters, D. L. Cheung, and M. P. Allen. Mol. Phys, 2009. 107: 375-382. [3] A. J. Masters. J. Phys.:Condens. Matter, 2008. 20: 1-10. [4] R. J. Dimelow and A. J. Masters. Mol. Simulation, 2007. 33: 1165-1166. [5] D. L. Cheung, L. Anton, M. P. Allen, and A. J. Masters. Computer Physics Communication, 2008. 179: 61-65. [6] A. J. Masters, X-M You, and A. Vlasov. Mol. Phys, 2005. 123: 1-7. [7] C. P. Lowe and A. J. Masters. J. Chem. Phys, 1998. 108: 183-198.       2.1 Background:   Introduction Global anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), mainly CO2, from fossil fuel combustion to the atmosphere have being identified as affecting the stability of the earth’s climate. A general consensus by the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is that the emissions and relative causes must be mitigated [IPCC, 2001]. Also, meeting the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCC) stabilization target, large reductions in GHG emissions is required, particularly CO2 emissions. Underground geologic storage of CO2 (from stationery emission sources) is viewed as a viable economic strategy of achieving this reduction as well as increasing the flexibility in developing alternative energy sources [Czernichowski-Lauriol et al., 2002]. CO2 injection in geologic reservoirs is employed by the petroleum industry to improve recovery rates of oil and gas in declining oil and gas fields, a process known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) [NETL, 2010b]. The lar ge volume of saline aquifers (20% to 500% of projected CO2 emissions to 2050, Davidson et al., 2001), common occurrence and non-potential source for potable water makes storage in saline aquifers an option considered for geologic sequestration of CO2. Storage in saline aquifers can be achieved by either physical trapping (buoyant supercritical CO2), solubility trapping (Dissolution in brine), ionic (dissolved bicarbonate ion) and mineral (solid carbonate precipitate) trapping mechanisms [Czernichowski-Lauriol et al., 2002]. However, dissolution of CO2 in saline waters (solubility trapping) is considered the most important long-term retention state [Bickle, M. et al., 2007]. A key aspect of CO2 sequestration is the need to accurately predict CO2 solubility in aqueous solution at high pressures (associated with deep depth injection), over a geologic period of time. Hence a reliable equation of state is an essential ingredient for transport modelling which predicts the ultimate fate of stored CO2. Our idea is to develop a robust equation of state using the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT) approach plus molecular dynamic simulations (using DL_POLY program) to accurately describe the thermodynamic properties and vapour-liquid equilibrium of CO2, water and salt mixtures, as this will aid in describing the solubility of CO2 in saline aquifers. 2.2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Background:   Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT). Carbon dioxide is usually injected into saline aquifers as a supercritical fluid. Interactions between CO2, water and salt (NaCl) are a combination of associating and non-associating chain fluid mixtures. While water is a highly associating fluid [Gill-Villegas. A., et al. 1997], CO2 is considered a non-associating chain molecule and strong electrolyte solution of aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) have being considered non-associating [Robinson, R. A., 1965]. However this only applies to ambient conditions. It has being shown that ion-ion association (ion pairing) occur in aqueous electrolyte solution as temperatures approach the critical point for water (due to the decrease in dielectric constant of water) [Pitzer, K. S. J., 1993]. Readily employed engineering equation of state, such as Peng-Robinson, Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Benedict-Webb-Rubin, are improvements on the hard sphere contribution and/or mean field term of the van der Waals equation. Their empirical approach can accurately describe the thermodynamic behaviours of simple, nearly-spherical low molecular mass hydrocarbon and simple inorganic (e.g. N2, CO, O2 etc). However the reference rapidly becomes inappropriate in predicting fluids mixtures of highly associating and non-spherical chain molecules [Economou. G.I., 2002]. This is because, for such fluids new intermolecular forces such as columbic forces, complexing forces and forces due to association comes into play which are not explicitly taking into consideration by such approach [Economou. G.I., 2002]. A more appropriate reference should incorporate the contribution of molecular shape and association as they certainly affect the fluid structure. It is in this light that Chapman et al. (in 1990) proposed an equation of state for associating chain molecules based on a series of Wertheim first-order thermodynamic perturbation expansion of Helmholtz energy [Wertheim, M. S., 1984a; 1984b; 1986a; 1986b; 1986c] called statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT). SAFT   relates the thermodynamic properties of a fluid to its intermolecular forces. In the SAFT approach, the molecular contribution to the macroscopic behaviour of the fluid is via a sum of terms which include the separate effect of the molecular shape (chain length), dispersion interaction and molecular association [Galindo, A. et al., 1998]. This consideration makes SAFT suitable for a broad range of molecules, from non-associating, near-spherical and non-spherical molecules, to associating, near-spherical and non-spherical molecules [Chapman, G. W. et al., 1990]. SAFT essentially considers complex molecules to be built-up of tangentially touching spherical monomers. The general equation for SAFT Helmholtz free energy for associating chain molecules is given by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (1) Where   is the ideal free energy,     is the excess Helmholtz energy of the free monomers,   is the Helmholtz free energy change on connecting the monomers into chains and   is the contribution to the free energy due to intermolecular association.   are the number of molecules, Boltzmann constant and temperature (K) respectively [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997]. Several modification of the original Lennard-Jones (LJ) segment (used by Chapman et al.) has being made to improve the description of the monomer-monomer contribution [Banaszak, M. et al., 1993; Ghonasgi, D. Chapman, G. J., 1994; Tavares, F. W. et al., 1995]. In the modified version of SAFT (SAFT-VR) developed by Gill-Villegas and co-workers, an arbitrary potential of variable range is used to used to describe the chain molecules of hard-core segment. An additional derived parameter, the range (, allows for treatment of highly non-conformal fluid mixtures [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997]. In the SAFT-VR approach, the monomer-monomer dispersion interactions are represented by second-order high-temperature perturbation expansion using a compact expression for the first order perturbation term,   (mean attractive energy). The derived second-perturbation term,  describes fluctuation of the attractive energy due to the fluid compression effect of [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997]. This effect correlates to macroscopic thermodynamic compression described by local density variation of the fluid. The expression is derived from Barker and Henderson perturbation theory, and given as   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (2) Where   and   are the first and second perturbation term associated with the attractive energy of the variable range.  is the Helmholtz free energy for a mixture of hard spheres.   Ã‚  is the inverse of temperature (T in Kelvin),   and   is Boltzmann constant. When applied to mixtures SAFT-VR is simply straightforward. The mean value theorem (MVT) for pure component is still applicable in evaluating for monomer mixtures. Also the contact value and radial distribution function for pure components in mixtures can be combined obtaining similar expressions to that of pure component [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997]. The equation was tested for a square well potential (SW), a Yukawa (Y) potential and a Sutherland (S) potential. Excellent representation of the vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) for binary mixtures of water with non-electrolytes was observed below the critical region when vapour-liquid coexistence densities were correlated with simulated results. SAFT-VR was however inadequate in describing the thermodynamic behaviour at the critical region. Galindo, A. et al., 1998, applied several mixing rule to account for the binary mixtures of non-conformal fluids using SAFT-VR, but the approach failed to adequately describe phase behaviours at the critical region. Our aim is to extend the order of thermodynamic perturbation of the monomer-monomer attractive energy term to describe the phase behaviour at the critical region. Having obtained a good description of the thermodynamic properties of water, Galindo, A. et al., 1999, extended the SAFT approach to mixtures of strong electrolyte solution (SAFT-VRE) using SW potential. Here, water molecules are modelled as hard sphere with four associating short range sites describing the hydrogen-bonding association and electrolyte molecules are modelled as two hard spheres (cation and anion) of different sizes. The mean-spherical-approximation (MSA) for the restricted primitive model was used to account for the long-range columbic ion-ion interaction. The long range water-water and ion-water attractive interaction were modelled as second-order high temperature perturbation expansion as with the SAFT-VR approach [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. The general expression for the SAFT-VRE approach takes into consideration contributions from the ion-ion interactions and is given as   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (3) Here   is the contribution to the Helmholtz free energy from ion-ion interactions. All other terms are the same as those in equation (1). The SAFT-VRE approach can be easily extended to solutions of mixed salts as the potential parameters used are determined in terms of ions. For all studied salts (including NaCl) in a temperature range of 273-373K, the SAFT-VRE calculated vapour pressure reproduced the experimental data well. However, saturated liquid densities are slightly overestimated [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. Our aim is to improve the VLE prediction over an increased temperature range by the addition of new terms to account for the ion-ion dispersion interaction effect. We run the DL_POLY molecular dynamics simulation package on one and two component systems using the literature potential parameters for pure CO2 molecules and aqueous NaCL salt solution mixtures respectively and validate against experiment. Once validated, simulation results can be used in addition to experimental data to validate the SAFT-VR expressions. We will also further run SAFT programme for CO2 as non-associating chain molecule using equation (1) and SAFT-VRE for mixtures of associating water molecule and two (cation and anion) associating ions using equations (3).   2.3 Research Hypothesis and Objectives We propose developing a robust thermodynamic equation of state for CO2/water/salt mixtures by using the SAFT approach and Molecular dynamics (DL_POLY) simulations. This entails improving the parameterisation of the model and including new terms to improve the thermodynamic descriptions at the critical point of the mixtures. The project takes advantage of the recent advances in modelling highly non-conformal associating chain mixtures [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997], strong electrolytic mixtures [Galindo, A. et al., 1999] and simulation representation of complex fluid mixtures [Koneshan, S. et al., 2000; Lopez-Rendon, R. et al., 2008], making it feasible. Never before has the quaternary system of CO2/water/salt mixtures being modelled using a SAFT approach and the increasing need to mitigate GHG emissions (especially CO2) makes the project quite timely. The hypothesis and objectives of the various work packages (WP) are: WP1: the accurate prediction of the thermodynamics and structural properties of CO2 and aqueous solution mixtures will depend on the interaction potential model. Our objectives are to validate molecular dynamic simulation results (DL_POLY) for the various component mixtures utilising literature potentials validated against experiment. Where good matches are obtained, this will serve as a reference to improve the quality of SAFT parameters (where experimental data are lacking). WP2: the mean spherical approximation (MSA) used for the restricted primitive model (RPM) in the SAFT-VRE approach accounts exclusively for the ion-ion coulombic interaction for which electrolyte ions are assumed to be immersed in a uniform dielectric medium. Dispersive interactions between the ions, however, are lacking. Our objective is to include a new term to account for the ion-ion dispersion effect in the salt solution. WP3: in the SAFT-VR approach the monomer properties are obtained from a second-order high temperature perturbation expansion of the SW variable range potential. Our objective is to add a third-order perturbation term in powers of the square well depth () of   to improve the description of the VLE at the critical point. 2.4   Programme and Methodology WP1:  Ã‚   we will first run DL_POLY with one component system for pure water and CO2 molecules using literature interaction potentials [Lopez-Rendon, R. et al., 2008] at a given temperature and pressure range. Water will be represented as an extended simple point charge (SPC/E), as this model takes into account the polarization of water in an approximate way. Simulated results will be validated against experimental result to verify the usability of the chosen force field. Validated results for the pure components of CO2 and water will be used to run DL_POLY with binary mixture system for water-CO2, water-NaCL and water-water mixtures, utilising literature interaction potential for NaCl [Koneshan, S. et al., 2000]. Simulated results will again be tested against experimental results. If convergences occur between the vapour pressure and liquid densities the simulated result will serve as a reference to correlate the SAFT model. A molecular simulation tracks the motion of individual molecules in time and can be used to interpret experimental results or serve as substitute where no experimental data are available. Finally, we will run SAFT with one component and with binary mixture system for pure molecules of water and CO2 respectively, using literature parameters for the SAFT-VR approach (i.e. square well range, , depth, and segment diameter, , association energy,   and association volume,   ) [Galindo, A. et al., 1999; Alain, V. et al., 2004]. Where   and   , is the association energy and volume due to short range attraction between hydrogen site and oxygen electron on two different molecules. Water is modelled as a hard-sphere with four short-range non-central associating sites representing hydrogen bonding () while CO2 is modelled as tangential touching spherical dimer chain molecule (without associating sites,). These parameters are validated against experimental and/or simulation result and optimised if not well-fitted using the simplex method. This is important in describing the thermodynamic properties of real substances. WP2:  Ã‚   we will use the optimized intermolecular potentials for pure water component and run SAFT with ternary mixture system for mixtures of water in strong electrolytic solution of NaCl, utilised the extended version of SAFT-VR for strong electrolyte solution (SAFT-VRE) [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. Water is modelled in the same spirit as SAFT-VR and contributions to Helmholtz free energy are given by equation (3). Solvent-solvent, solvent-ion and ion-ion interaction contribution will be considered  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. MSA assume RPM will account for the long-range coulombic interaction. However the assumption of a zero long range attractive square well ion-ion interaction will be relaxed. This has being assumed in previously modelled water-NaCl mixtures [Galindo, A. et al., 1999; Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 2000] for which equally-sized ionic molecules are solvated in a uniform dielectric solvent medium at ambient conditions. This approach has however f ailed to describe accurately thermodynamic properties at the critical point. We will be taking into account the molality of saline aquifers to relax this assumption and add a new term accounting for the ion-ion dispersion effect of the coulombic contribution to Helmholtz free energy. This is so because the effect of strong electrolytic ions on properties of highly associating polar solvent such as water can alter the critical constant of water within the critical point, leading to ion-ion association [Koneshan, S. et al., 2000]. NaCl intermolecular parameters will be taking from literature [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. Finally, determined intermolecular parameters of the ternary mixture will fitted against experimental and/or simulated result and optimised using the simplex method. WP3:      lastly, in the SAFT-VR approach (basis for formalism in the SAFT-VRE), contribution to the Helmholtz free energy due to long-range dispersion forces is obtained via a second order high-temperature perturbation expansion of the variable range [Gill-Villegas, A. et al., 1997]. This level of approximation has excellently described thermodynamic behaviours below the critical point but fails as temperatures approach the critical point. It has being suggested that incorporating a new term due to third order perturbation in the powers of the attractive square-well depth () in the monomer-monomer segment contribution will significantly improve thermodynamic description at the critical point (recent personal communication of Masters with Galindo). This we would evaluate for mixtures of optimised ternary intermolecular SW potential parameters for water mixture in aqueous NaCl solution and previously optimised CO2 dimer molecular intermolecular parameters. It should be noted that never before has CO2/water/salt mixtures being modelled using SAFT approach and so no theoretical results are available. However the SAFT-VRE approach allows for such complex mixtures in its formalism using relatively straight forward combinations with mixing rules [Galindo, A. et al., 1999]. We will run CO2/water/salt mixtures in SAFT with quaternary system. New interaction to be considered will be CO2-water in coexisting phases. Salt will be restricted to the liquid phase (as it is assumed to be non-volatile even at high temperatures) [Parisod, C. J., 1981]. Finally, modelled results will be compared with experimental results. Knowing the Helmholtz free energy all other macroscopic thermodynamic parameters at VLE can be evaluated, hence the solubility of CO2 in saline aquifer determined. Being able to accurately predict the solubility of CO2 in saline aquifers is essential for long-term sequestration of injected CO2. Milestones of proposed research: these are M1.1:   New simulation results using DL_POLY one component and binary mixture systems for CO2/water/salt mixtures. M1.2:   Improved parameterisation of literature intermolecular potential for water and CO2 pure components using SAFT one component and binary mixture system respectively, validated against simulation results. M2.1:   Reformulation of the ion-ion coulombic interaction contribution to Helmholtz free energy to incorporate a dispersion effect between ions. M2.2:   Improved description of thermodynamic properties of water at critical point. M3.1:   Modification of SAFT-VR formalism in the monomer-monomer segment contribution to overall Helmholtz free energy and enhance predictive capability of approach within the critical point of mixtures. M3.2:   New intermolecular parameters for CO2/water/salt mixtures using SAFT with quaternary system approach validated against experimental results. 2.5   Relevance to Academic Beneficiaries One key benefit obtainable from this project is the development of an improved equation of state using statistical mechanics for CO2/water/salt mixtures. Once this improvement is attained faster and more accurate description of the mixture will be developed enhancing the prediction of CO2 solubility in saline water using theoretical models. A positive outcome will certainly interest the research community, and this will correlate directly to industries (such as the petroleum industries) performing, or intending to explore the option of, CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers. Better prediction of the thermodynamic properties of electrolytic solution at the critical region using a statistical mechanics approach, is one of great interest to applied physical sciences, molecular physics and the engineering community. References [1]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. Gill-Villegas, A. Galindo, P. J. Whitehead, S. J. Mills, and G. Jackson. J. Chem. Phys., 1997. 106: 4168-4186. [2]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. Galindo, A. Gill-Villegas, G. Jackson and A. N. Burgess. J. Phys. Chem., 1999. 103: 10272-10281. [3]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. Galindo, L. A. Davies, A. Gill-Villegas, and G. Jackson. Mol. Phys., 1998. 2: 241-252. [4]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. Valtz, A. Chapoy, C. Loquelet, P. Paricaud, D. Richon. Fluid Phase Equiliria, 2004. 226: 333-344. [5]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. J. Parisod, and E. J. Plattner. J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1981. 26: 16. [6]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. Ghonasgi, and W. G. Chapman. J. Chem. Phys., 1994. 100: 6633. [7]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   F. W. Tavares, J. Change, and S. I. Sandler. Mol. Phys., 1995. 86: 1451. [8]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I, Czernichowski-Lauriol, H. Pauwels, P. Vigouroux, L. Nindre. 2002. Proceeding of 6th  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-6). J. Gale and Y. Kaya (Eds) pp. 411-416, Japan. Elsevier Science Ltd. [9]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I. G. Economou. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2002. 41: 953-962. [10]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   IPCC. 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basic, Summary for policymakers and Technical Summary of the working Group I Report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. [11]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   J. Davidson, P. Freund, and A. Smith. 2001. Putting Carbon back in the Ground. IEA Greenhouse Gas RD Programme. [12]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   K. S. Pitzer. J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1993. 25: 7. [13]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. Banaszak, Y. C. Chiew, M. Radosz. Mol. Phys. Rev. E., 1993. 48: 3760. [14]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. Bickle, A. Chadwick, H. E. Huppert, M. Hallworth, and S. Lyle. Earth and Planetary Science Letter, 2007. 255: 164-176. [15]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. S. Weirtheim. J. Stat. Phys., 1984a. 35: 19-34. [16]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. S. Weirtheim. J. Stat. Phys., 1984b. 35: 35-47. [17]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. S. Weirtheim. J. Stat. Phys., 1986a. 42: 459-476. [18]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. S. Weirtheim. J. Stat. Phys., 1986b. 42: 477-492. [19]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   M. S. Weirtheim. J. Stat. Phys., 1986c. 85: 2929-2936. [20]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   R. A. Robinson, and R. H. Stokes. Electrolyte Solutions. 2nd ed, Butterworths: London, 1965. [21]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   R. Lopez-Rendon, and C. R. Jayendran. J. Chem. Phys., 2008. 52: 88-92. [22]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   S. Koneshan, and C. R. Jayendran. J. Chem. Phys., 2000. 113: 8125-8137. [23]  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   W. G. Chapman, K. E. Gubbins, J. George, and M. Radosz. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1990. 29: 1709-1721.